The hazards associated with the delivery and transfer of hydrocarbons are addressed by controls and good operating practices.
Operation by trained and competent staff
Use of formal process hazard analysis techniques in developing the design
Operation in accordance with formal standard operating procedures which recognise potential safety and environmental hazards under normal and upset conditions
Design and construction of plant and facilities in accordance with good engineering practice and local regulations
High-integrity instrumentation and control systems
Proactive mechanical integrity assurance programmes underpinned by robust independent inspection
Formal classification of hazardous areas and specification of appropriate equipment for use in potentially explosive atmospheres; strict prohibition of ignition sources in these areas